Isha la turjumay: WuXi AppTec tafatiraha kooxda

Guangzhou, Shiinaha, booliiska mas'uulka ka ah caawinta baaritaanka cudurrada faafa ayaa sii daayay muuqaal ilaalin ah: Isla maqaayad, labadooduba waxay galeen musqusha midba midka kale iyada oo aan wax xiriir ah la sameyn.Kaliya 14 ilbiriqsi oo wakhtiga wada-noolaanshaha ayaa u ogolaatay fayraska taajka cusub inuu fursad u helo, dhammaystiro faafitaanka.

Kooxda nuxurka ee WuXi AppTec

Australia oo ku taal cirifka koonfureed, dadku waxay sidoo kale la yaaban yihiin inay arkaan "infekshan degdeg ah".Markii maamulka caafimaadka ee New South Wales ay dabagal ku sameeyeen kiisaska, waxay ogaadeen in qof cudurka qaba iyo ugu yaraan saddex qof"wuxuu soo maray" meel ka baxsan goob laga dukaameysto ama dukaan kafeega, isagoo si degdeg ah u galay isla meel bannaan, fayraskuna wuxuu sababay caabuqa.

Natiijooyinka isku xigxiga genome-ga fayraska ee muunadaha kiisaskan waxay muujiyeen in coronavirus-ka cusub uu yahaySababay infekshanka waxaa iska leh nooca Delta mutant, kaas oo ah nooca cusub ee coronavirus mutant ee markii ugu horreysay laga helay Hindiya Oktoobar 2020.Aqoonyahanka Zhong Nanshan ayaa sidoo kale ku tilmaamay wareysi uu dhawaan warbaahinta siiyay in "Ceeladka delta uu leeyahay culeys sare,gaaska la sii daayay waa sun oo aad u faafa", si heerar adag looga baahan yahay si loo qeexo "xidhiidhada dhow"...

Aduunyada halaag

Bilihii Abriil iyo Maajo 2021, waxaa Hindiya ka jiray mowjad ba'an oo faafa.Sida lagu sheegay xogta ay soo saartay wasaaradda caafimaadka Hindiya,tirada kiisaska cusub ee la xaqiijiyay maalin keliya ayaa kor u dhaaftay 400,000 hal mar!In kasta oo ay jiraan shirar ballaadhan iyo arrimo kale oo ka dambeeya, haddana xaqiiqo aan la murmi karin ayaa ah in tirada dadka uu ku dhacay nooca mutant Delta ay si degdeg ah u kordheyso.

Ka baxsan Hindiya, laga bilaabo Nepal ilaa Koonfur-bari Aasiya, ilaa aag weyn oo adduunka ah, nooca mutant ee Delta ayaa sidoo kale ku faafay labadii bilood ee la soo dhaafay.

"Kala duwanaanshaha Delta waa kala duwanaanshaha ugu faafa ee la helay ilaa hadda.Waxaa laga helay 85 waddan/gobollada waxayna si degdeg ah ugu faaftay dadka aan la tallaalin.” Agaasimaha Guud ee Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka Dr. Tan Desai 25-kii June ayaa ka sheegay shirka jaraa’id.

Dr. Tan Desai, Agaasimaha Guud ee Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka |Sawirrada ITU ee Geneva, Switzerland, CC BY 2.0, iyada oo loo sii marayo Wikimedia Commons)

Kiiskii ugu horreeyay ee caabuqa Delta ayaa laga helay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska bartamihii bishii Abriil.Waqtigaas, ka dib dhowr bilood oo " xannibaad", iyada oo la horumarinayo tallaalka, tirada caabuqyada, isbitaallada, iyo dhimashada ayaa dhammaantood si weyn hoos ugu dhacay, cudurku wuxuu u muuqday mid soo hagaagaya.

Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nooca mutant Delta ayaa si dhakhso ah u dhaley mowjadda saddexaad ee cudurrada faafa ee UK, iyo tirada kiisaska cusub maalintiiba waxay dhaaftay 8,700.Fayrasku si degdeg ah ayuu ugu faafay dadka aan la tallaalin, taas oo ku qasabtay UK inay dib u dhigto qorshaheeda dib u furista.Dhab ahaan,Nooca Delta mutant-ka ee hadda jira wuxuu beddelay noocii Alpha mutant (taas oo ah, B.1.1.7 mutant strain) markii ugu horreysay laga helay UK, wuxuuna noqday coronavirus-ka cusub ee maxalliga ah ee ugu muhiimsan.

Qaaradda Ameerika, isbeddelka kala duwanaanshaha Delta ayaa sidoo kale sababay walaac.Marka loo eego sahan muunad ah oo lagu sameeyay California,Tirada kiisaska ay sababtay kala duwanaanshaha Alpha, oo hore u ahaan jiray "caadiga ah", ayaa hoos uga dhacay in ka badan 70% dabayaaqadii Abriil ilaa 42% dabayaaqadii Juun, iyo "kor u kaca" kala duwanaanshaha Delta ayaa mas'uul ka ah tan.Sababta ugu weyn ee isbeddelkan.Agaasimaha Xarunta Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada ee Mareykanka (CDC) ayaa ka digay in dhowrka toddobaad ee soo socda, kala duwanaanshaha Delta uu noqon karo kala duwanaanshaha cusub ee coronavirus ee Mareykanka.

Qaybaha kala duwan ee noocyada kala duwan ee fayraska COVID-19 (Noocyada mutant Delta waa cagaar) |nextstrain.org)

Shiinaha, marka laga soo tago Guangzhou, kiisaska nooca Delta mutant ayaa sidoo kale laga helay Shenzhen, Dongguan iyo meelo kale oo u dhow.Iska horimaadka madaxa-ka-hortagga ah ee dadka ee noocyada mutant Delta ayaa bilaabmay.

Ma aha oo kaliya faafitaanku wuu ka xoog badan yahay

Tan iyo markii uu dillaacay cudurka faafa ee taajka cusub in ka badan hal sano, noocyo kala duwan oo mutant ah ayaa soo jiitay fiiro gaar ah, oo ay ku jiraan nooca Alpha mutant ee markii ugu horreysay lagu xaqiijiyay Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Sebtembar 2020, iyo nooca Beta mutant (B.1.351) oo markii ugu horreysay lagu xaqiijiyay Koonfur Afrika May 2020.

11-kii Maajo, Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka wuxuu liis gareyay nooca Delta mutant ee markii ugu horreysay laga helay Hindiya inuu yahay kii afraad "walaac kala duwan(VOC).Marka loo eego qeexida WHO, VOC macnaheedu waa"laga shakiyay ama la xaqiijiyay inay sababi doonto gudbinta ama sunta oo kordha;ama korodho ama isbeddel ku yimaad calaamadaha cudurka kiliinikada;ama sababa isbeddelo ku yimaadda ogaanshaha jira, tallaabooyinka daawaynta, iyo waxtarka tallaalka.

Xogta jirta ee laga helay machadyada sida Waaxda Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska (PHE) ayaa muujinaysa taasAwoodda gudbinta noocyada kala duwan ee Delta waa 100% ka sarreeya kan asalka ah;marka la barbar dhigo noocyada kala duwan ee Alpha ee ku wareegayay adduunka oo dhan qeybtii labaad ee sannadkii hore, kala duwanaanta Delta Awoodda gudbinta cadaadiska ayaa xitaa ka sii xoog badan, heerka gudbintu waa 60% sare.

Marka lagu daro kororka weyn ee caabuqa iyo awoodda gudbinta, Feng Zijian, oo ah cilmi-baare ka tirsan Xarunta Shiinaha ee Xakamaynta iyo Kahortagga Cudurrada, ayaa sheegay markii uu soo bandhigayay kiisaskii dhawaa ee taajajka cusub ee Guangzhou, nooca mutant Delta "sifo kale ayaa ah in xilliga soo-jiidashada ama muddada marinka la soo gaabiyo-waqti gaaban gudaheed).Shan ama lix fac ayaa ku soo maray 10 maalmood gudahood.Intaa waxaa dheer, natiijooyinka baaritaanka PCR ee shaybaarada laga soo qaaday dadka cudurka qaba ayaa muujiyay in culeyska fayrasku uu si aad ah u kordhay, kaas oo sidoo kale ka dhigay infekshannada ay u badan tahay inay dhacaan.

Boqortooyada Midowday (UK), halkaas oo kala duwanaanshaha Delta uu ku xisaabtamay 90% kiisaska, caddaynta hordhaca ah waxay muujineysaa inMarka la barbardhigo kala duwanaanshaha Alpha, dadka uu ku dhacay kala duwanaanshaha Delta waxay ku dhow yihiin labanlaab in la dhigo cusbitaalka, taas oo macnaheedu yahay in khatarta isbitaal dhigista ay kordhay 100%.

Isbeddellada hidde-sidaha muhiimka ah ee ay wataan noocyo kala duwan oo ah noocyada fayraska mutant ee coronavirus-ka cusub kuwaas oo hadda walaac laga qabo.Waxaa ka mid ah, nooca mutant Delta waxa uu leeyahay 13 isbeddel hidde-side oo u gaar ah marka la barbar dhigo nooca fayraska asalka ah |WuXi AppTec Content Team

Marka la eego taxanaha hidde-sideyaasha ee Delta mutant strain,Waxay leedahay isbeddello gaar ah oo hiddo-wadaha ah oo dejinaya borotiinka sare ee coronavirus-ka cusub, kaas oo aan saamaynaynin oo keliya awoodda gudbinta fayraska, laakiin sidoo kale waxay sababi kartaa badbaado difaac..Si kale haddii loo dhigo, ka-hortagga unugyada difaaca ee la soo saaray ka dib caabuqyadii hore ama tallaalku waxay wiiqi kartaa awoodda lagu xidho noocyada Delta.

Muhiimada tallaalka

Marka loo eego kala duwanaanshaha khatarta ah ee Delta, tallaalada jira weli ma bixin karaan difaac ku filan?

"Nature" ayaa daabacday warqad cilmi baaris ah Juun 10-keedii.Natiijooyinka tijaabada ee awoodda dhexdhexaadinta antibody-ka ayaa muujisay taaslaba ama afar toddobaad kadib tallaalka dhamaystiran ee laba qiyaasood oo ah tallaalka mRNA neokorona BNT162b2, antibody-ka dhexdhexaadinta ee laga soo saaro jidhka bini'aadamka ayaa saameyn togan ku leh Delta.Cadaadiska ayaa weli leh saameyn weyn oo ka hortag ah.

Dhaqdhaqaaqa dhexdhexaadinta ee serumka tallaalka ee ka dhanka ah coronavirus-ka cusub ee asalka ah iyo noocyada kala duwan ee mutant oo ay ku jiraan nooca Delta |Tixraac [1]

Iyada oo laga jawaabayo labada nooc ee fayras ee waaweyn, Delta iyo Alpha, oo keenaya astaamaha COVID-19, sida tallaalku waxtarka leh uga hortagi karo, Waaxda Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska ayaa ku dhawaaqday natiijada daraasad-dhabta ah ee adduunka dabayaaqadii May.

Xogtu waxay muujineysaa in inkastoo tallaalku uu saameyn difaac oo daciif ah ku leeyahay culeyska DeltaMarka la barbardhigo cadaadiska Alpha, waxay weli si weyn u yareeyn kartaa halista calaamadaha taajka cusub.Si buuxda loogu tallaalay laba irbadood oo tallaalka mRNA ah, saamaynta difaaceedku waxay gaadhi kartaa 88%;Taas bedelkeeda, saamaynta ka hortagga Alpha waa 93%.

Daraasadu waxay sidoo kale ogaatay in haddii hal tallaal oo keliya la qaato, awoodda looga hortagayo noocyada mutant-ka ayaa si weyn hoos ugu dhacaya.Saddex toddobaad ka dib qiyaasta ugu horreysa ee tallaalka, labada tallaal waxay yareyn karaan oo keliya khatarta calaamadaha taajka cusub ee ay sababaan noocyada kala duwan ee Delta 33%, iyo khatarta Alpha 50%, labaduba waxay ka hooseeyaan saameynta difaaca ee la soo saaro ka dib tallaal buuxa oo ah 2 qiyaasood.

Waxtarka ilaalinta ee laba tallaal oo taaj cusub ah oo ka dhan ah B.1.617.2 iyo B.1.1.7 noocyada mutant |Tixraacyada [8]

Joornaalka caafimaadka ee awoodda leh "The Lancet" ayaa daabacay xog kale oo ka timid Waaxda Caafimaadka Dadweynaha ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska Juun 15, taasoo muujineysa intallaal cusub oo laba-shubasho ah oo dhammaystiran (oo ay ku jiraan noocyo badan oo tallaal ah) ayaa si weyn u yareeyn kara halista isbitaalka.Daraasadu waxay sidoo kale muujisay in ugu yaraan 28 maalmood ka dib duritaanka koowaad, saamaynta ka-hortagga tallaalku ay muuqato.

Iyada oo ku saleysan tiro cadeymo ah, WHO iyo khubarada dalal badan ayaa si isdaba joog ah u xoojiyay taasaad bay muhiim u tahay in la dhammaystiro dhammaan habka tallaalka tallaallada u baahan laba (ama ka badan), gaar ahaan ka-hortagga COVID-19 daran iyo dhimashada.

Isbeddel joogto ah, ilaalin joogto ah

Dadka leh heerarka tallaalka hooseeya, kala duwanaanshaha Delta wuxuu leeyahay fursad uu si dhakhso ah ugu faafo.Daraasad ku salaysan xogta isku xigxiga ee ku dhawaad ​​20,000 oo muunado tan iyo bishii Abriil ayaa lagu ogaaday taasmeelaha boqolkiiba dadka degan ee dhamaystiraya habka tallaalka oo dhan ay ka yar yihiin 30%, faafitaanka noocyada kala duwan ee Delta aad ayuu uga sarreeyaa meelaha kale ee heerka tallaalku ka sarreeyo boqolleydan.

Daraasado kale ayaa sidoo kale lagu ogaaday in kala duwanaanshiyaha weyn ee heerarka tallaalka ay keeni karaan kala duwanaansho tirada kiisaska iyo isbitaallada ay sababtay kala duwanaanshaha Delta ee gobollo kala duwan.

Maaddaama coronavirus-ka cusub uu ku sii fidayo adduunka oo dhan, isbeddellada fayrasku waa lama huraan.Marka laga soo tago nooca mutant Delta ee leh awoodda gudbinta ugu xooggan ilaa hadda,Saynis yahannadu waxa ay sidoo kale isha ku hayaan noocyo badan oo mutant ah, oo ay ku jiraan toddobada nooc ee kale ee noolaha kuwaas oo lagu daray liiska "Mutant Strains to Be Observed" (VOI) ee Ururka Caafimaadka Adduunka.

Sida looga hortago is-beddelka joogtada ah ee xanuunka cusub ee coronavirus, Dr. Michael Ryan oo ka tirsan WHO wuxuu aaminsan yahay: "Isbeddellada hidde-sidaha waxay sababi karaan isbeddello ku yimaada sifooyinka fayraska, sida inay u badan tahay inay dadka qaadsiiyaan, ku noolaanshaha dhibco muddo dheer, iyo soo-gaadhis yar.Waxay keeni doontaa caabuq, iwm.Laakiin fayrasyadan is-beddelka ah ma beddeli doonaan waxa aan sameyneyno, waxay na xusuusinayaan inaan qaadno dhammaan tallaabooyinka ilaalinta ee la sameyn karo, iyo inaan qaadno tallaabooyin aad u adag, oo ay ku jiraan xirashada waji-xidhka, yareynta isu imaatinka, iwm. Waxaan si isdaba joog ah u xoojinay Tallaabooyin."

Isku soo wada duuboo, in kasta oo nooca mutant Delta uu kordhiyey caabuqa, wuxuu soo gaabiyay muddada cudurka, qofka cudurka qabana aad buu u bukoodaa, laakiin si buuxda loogama hortegi karo.Haddi ay tahay tallaalada sida loo baahan yahay, ama talaabooyinka sida waji-xidhka iyo go'doominta bulshada, waxa la filayaa in si wanaagsan loo xakameeyo.Iska horimaadka Delta mutant, hindisuhu runtii gacanteena ayuu ku jiraa.

Tixraacyo

[1] Dabagalka noocyada SARS-CoV-2 Laga soo celiyay Juun 24, 2021 https://www.who.int/en/activities/tracking-SARS-CoV-2-variants/

[2] Kala duwanaanshaha coronavirus Delta: saynisyahannadu waxay ku dhiiradeen saamaynta, La soo celiyay Juun 24, 2021, laga bilaabo https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01696-3

[3] Kala duwanaanshaha Coronavirus ayaa ku faafaya Hindiya - waxa ay saynisyahannadu ilaa hadda og yihiin.Laga soo celiyay May 11, 2021, laga bilaabo https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-021-01274-7

[4] SARS-CoV-2 kala duwanaanshiyaha welwelka iyo kala duwanaanshiyaha baaritaanka England.La soo celiyay Abriil 25, 2021, laga bilaabo, https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/979818/Variants_of_Concern_VOC_Technical_Briefing_9_England.pdf

[5] Kala duwanaanshaha Delta ee Coronavirus wuxuu ku xukumi karaa Mareykanka, toddobaadyo gudahood.Laga soo celiyay Juun 23, laga bilaabo https://www.npr.org/sections/health-shots/2021/06/22/1008859705/delta-variant-coronavirus-unvaccinated-us-covid-surge

[6] Laga soo celiyay Juun 26, 2021 https://www.thepaper.cn/newsDetail_forward_13296668

[7] Waxaa soo saaray awoodda habka wadajirka ah ee ka hortagga iyo xakamaynta ee Golaha Gobolka (June 11, 2021) Laga soo celiyay Juun 26, 2021 http://www.gov.cn/xinwen/gwylflkjz160/index.htm

[8] Waxtarka tallaalada COVID-19 ee ka dhanka ah B.1.617.2 Kala duwanaanshaha.Laga soo celiyay Maajo 23, 2021, laga bilaabo https://khub.net/documents/135939561/430986542/Wax-ku-oolnimada+COVID-19+talaalada+ka+B.1.617.2+variant.pdf/204c11a4-140